Animal Farm Character Analysis - 713 Words

â€Å"ALL ANIMALS ARE EQUAL BUT SOME ANIMALS ARE MORE EQUAL THAN OTHERS† (Orwell 134). In George Orwell’s allegorical fable, Animal Farm, a group of animals lived with their master, Jones. Jones was an unfair man who didn’t care too much about the animals. One day Jones forgot to feed the animals, so they revolted. The animals wanted a perfect place without the corruption of man. The currently animal controlled land of Animal Farm, the smartest of all animals, the pigs take control. To prevent a human-like society, the pigs set up the Seven Commandments. These set of rules were created to build guidelines for the animals. The pigs soon take advantage over the other animals by feeding them less food and making them work harder. The animals on†¦show more content†¦When Benjamin yells â€Å" They are taking him to the knackers!†(Orwell 122), it is certain that the pigs have made the decision to kill a fellow animal. Furthermore, the pigs can be seen altering the seven commandments when â€Å"Squealer temporarily stunned, was sprawling besid e it, and near at hand there lay a lantern, a paint brush, and an overturned pot of white paint†(Orwell 108). Squalor has been caught adapting the seven commandments to fit the needs of the pigs. The commandments were set to separate the path of mankind and the path of animalism, but the more the pigs adjust the rules, the more humanlike the animals become. Towards the end of the book, the absolute corruption of the pigs is shown to represent that there is always the never-ending cycle of corruption. At the very end, Animal Farm was considered to do â€Å"more work† and receive â€Å"less food than any animal in the country†(Orwell 137). The animals who once hated being fed at the bare minimum by Jones do not realize that the same actions are now even worse. For Jones was a man corrupted by the limitless power over his animals, and now the pigs have followed into the path of corruption as soon as they were placed in power. Likewise, in the beginning, Old Major once talked about the cruel death of animals that Jones had caused. The belief was to not kill any animals, but â€Å"When they [the animals] had finished their confession, theShow MoreRelatedAnimal Farm Character Analysis938 Words   |  4 Pages George Orwell is a celebrated novelist well known for his political satire in the fairy tale, Animal Farm. The theme of power in the book is recurring and greatly present throughout the piece. Through the use of characterization, conflict, and irony, Orwell shows that those in the position of power can become like its predecessor. Orwell demonstrates that those in power can become like their predecessor through characterization. One example comes from page 107: At aboutRead MoreAnimal Farm Character Analysis735 Words   |  3 PagesIn the novel, Animal Farm, by George Orwell, there is one very particular character whose pride and selfishness creates problems. This character had just merely good ideas in the beginning. However, as time went on, his true self-interest began to shine through. This character started a free republic of animals and turned it into a plantation that used animals as slaves. He never did have enough and always wanted more, regardless of the price that others had to pay. This character whose pride andRead MoreAnalysis of Main Character in Animal Farm1018 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis of Major Characters Napoleon From the very beginning of the novella, Napoleon emerges as an utterly corrupt opportunist. Though always present at the early meetings of the new state, Napoleon never makes a single contribution to the revolution—not to the formulation of its ideology, not to the bloody struggle that it necessitates, not to the new society’s initial attempts to establish itself. He never shows interest in the strength of Animal Farm itself, only in the strength of his powerRead MoreAnalysis of Main Character in Animal Farm1025 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis of Major Characters Napoleon From the very beginning of the novella, Napoleon emerges as an utterly corrupt opportunist. Though always present at the early meetings of the new state, Napoleon never makes a single contribution to the revolution—not to the formulation of its ideology, not to the bloody struggle that it necessitates, not to the new society’s initial attempts to establish itself. He never shows interest in the strength of Animal Farm itself, only in the strength of hisRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm923 Words   |  4 PagesAnimal Farm Character Analysis Essay â€Å"Old major†¦ was so highly regarded on the farm that everyone was quite ready to lose an hour’s sleep in order to hear what he had to say† (Orwell 1). The author, George Orwell, portrayed Old Major as the wisest of all the animals on the farm, and without being said, Major was a big part of Animal Farm. In fact, he influenced the lives of all the animals with just one speech. On the day of this speech, Major taught all the animals his wise ideas in a kind supportingRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm748 Words   |  3 PagesFight me! Animals have grown to understand humans and be like humans, until they learn to fight back, and keep the idea that they’re free, and then slowly morph back into the ways it used to be when humans were in charge. Analogies about animal farm can range from, the students connecting the book to the bible, government today, passed wars, or even more, because this book was different for everyone. Animal farm is a very simple book at first, but once a person starts to talk about it, itRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Napoleon In Animal Farm1887 Words   |  8 Pagesis his tool to his own personal gain. There really is no main character in Animal Farm, but Napoleon is the closest to one. Napoleon is important to the story because he is the one who starts all of the problems on Animal Farm. If it were not for him then the animals could all live equally in harmony. The next character is Snowball. Snowball is another pig. He is for the people and wants to improve Animal Farm. Napoleon views the animals around him as comrades. He does benefit from them because heRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Animal Farm By George Orwell717 Words   |  3 PagesAlthough Animal Farm does not have any heroic characters, in the story there is a death of a supporting character. The death of a supporting character neither glorifies nor diminishes the supporting character to anything more or less significant. All characters, whether they are the major characters or even a minor, supporting character, they all do not have a complete story. There are no completely round characters in literature. Characters die; characters exist, simply for the sake of the plotRead MoreAnimal Farm - Character Analysis- Boxer the Horse Essay1282 Words   |  6 Pagesoneself mentally and emotionally with a person or object’. When reading novels, we are able to relate to some chara cters through similar experiences and emotions and so these characters often invite our understanding and empathy. In George Orwell’s novel Animal Farm, Boxer the horse invites our empathy. We empathise with Boxer and the way in which the pig Napoleon, the leader of Animal Farm, takes advantage of his good-natured personality and manipulates him into following all orders. Boxer is unawareRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Animal Farm By George Orwell1310 Words   |  6 PagesLiterary Analysis of Animal Farm Although they claimed the farm to be a utopia, the pigs secretly were deceiving their fellow animals and turning the farm into a dystopia. In George Orwell s Animal Farm all of the animals are mistreated by Farmer Jones, but they wish to be treated as equals and live in a utopia so they rebel and take over the farm. The animals first write commandments to avoid chaos, but the leader pigs selfishly modify the commandments in their favor. In the end, the farm is worse

Thomas Hobbes And The Constitutional Struggle - 1114 Words

Thomas Hobbes was born April 5, 1588 in Malmesbery. His father left the family in 1604 and never returned. Hobbes was then raised and educated by the support of his uncle. His younger years of education were received through local schools while his college education in the classics was received from Magdalen Hall, University of Oxford. After he received his education, Thomas Hobbes became the tutor of William Cavendish in 1608. Two years after becoming his tutor, Cavendish and Hobbes travelled to Europe together visiting Germany, France, and Italy. After Cavendish died in 1628, Hobbes obtained another position within the Cavendish family but later became the tutor to William’s son. During those years, Hobbes returned to Europe twice more†¦show more content†¦He remained in voluntary exile for 11 years. During that time he became a tutor for the Prince of Whales who was also exiled. Hobbes believed that without a social contract people would come to live in a state of nature. Meaning that there would be no common way of life and people would live in fear of one another. Without the social contract there would be no authority to set up any laws. People would behave in anarchy and chaos. Society would only act on what benefit themselves instead of each other as a whole. This kind of society would only result in an upright war between the people living among each other. Hobbes perceived the ideal society in his best-known piece of work, Leviathan, publish at the end of his exile in 1651. Throughout four books, the Leviathan argues that civil peace and social unity are best accomplished by establishment of common wealth through a social contract. In the Leviathan, Hobbes’s ideal common wealth is ruled by a sovereign power that is granted absolute authority in order to ensure their responsibility of protecting the common wealth. In his books, Thomas Hobbes portrays the common wealth as a gigantic human, whose form is built out of the bodies of citizens. The sovereign power is considered the head because it is what controls the citizens. Hobbes calls this figure the â€Å"Leviathan†, named after a monstrous sea creature that appears in the Bible. His piece

Relationship Between Self Esteem Stress Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

Emerging surveies further reveal that persons who initiate substance usage before 15 old ages of age take an norm of 29 old ages to accomplish one twelvemonth free of substances ( vs. 18 old ages for those who start utilizing after 20 old ages of age ) . In consonant rhyme with the above, the existent quandary of substance maltreatment stems from the fact that mistreating young persons frequently display co-occurring mental wellness issues ( Kim A ; Jackson, 2009 ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Relationship Between Self Esteem Stress Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The early intercessions with those who initiate substance usage during adolescent old ages remain a lost chance for many persons ( Liddle, Rowe, Dakof, Henderson, A ; Greenbaum, 2009 ) . Eitle ( 2006 ) noted that populating in single-parent families peculiarly the male parent predicted increased marihuanas use among Hispanic/Latinos, but non among African Americans or Whites. Harmonizing to Wagner, Olson, Chou, Pokhrel and Duan, et Al ( 2010 ) , the features of the household such as its operation and construction may play both protective and worsening functions in adolescent substance usage. The hazard factors for early stripling substance maltreatment have been identified ( Hawkins, Catalano, A ; Miller, 1992 ) , and utilized by research workers to develop intercessions aiming vulnerable striplings ( Dishion, Kavanagh, Schneiger, Nelson, A ; Kaufman, 2002 ) . However spheres which may chair or intercede the consequence of substance maltreatment on adolescent substance maltreaters remains grossly under researched hence the demand for the present survey on the relationship between self-pride, emphasis, equal relationship, depression, household background and substance maltreatment among striplings. The term substance maltreatment was defined as a unidirectional concept. In kernel the term captures substance maltreatment as one concept, though multi-directional positions exist. Background of the Study Experts in developmental epidemiology of substance maltreatment suggest that substance usage during adolescence disrupts necessary adolescent developmental procedures ( Liddle, Rowe, Dakof, Henderson, A ; Greenbaum, 2009 ) thereby easing the divergence from protective influences, such as the household and the school. Scholars every bit contend that it leads to the acceptance of a configuration of aberrant attitudes, activities, associations, and behaviours ( Okoza, Aluede, Fajoju, A ; Okhiku, 2009 ; Flory, Lynam, Milich, Leukefeld, A ; Clayton, 2004 ; Lynskey et al. , 2003 ) . Surveies conducted by the Indiana Preventive Resource Center ( 2003 ) indicated that striplings are normally introduced to substance maltreatment through ‘gateway ‘ drugs such as intoxicant and coffin nails. Furthermore, late emerging surveies suggest that male striplings use and abuse drugs more than their female opposite numbers ( Igwe, Ojinnaka, Ejiofor, Emechebe, A ; Ibe, 2009 ) . Though, female striplings favor stimulations ( Chassin, Ritter, Trim, A ; King, 2003 ) .In line with the above, substance maltreatment among striplings continues to be a important public wellness concern. Irrespective of the recent national informations collected in the US which shows lessenings among eighth-graders, 13 % of the group were still reported as holding abused substances in the past 12months ( Johnston, O’Malley, Bachman A ; Schulenberg, 2008 ) . The writers stated that 5.5 % had reported holding been intoxicated. The theoretical underpinning of adolescent substance maltreatment lies within the context of societal cognitive theory ( Bandura, 1986 ) and changing grades of influence as espoused by Bronfenbrenner ( 1979 ) . These theories jointly maintain that parents, sibling, school, and equals account for an striplings overall motor to mistreat drugs. Harmonizing to Baron and Kalsher ( 2008 ) striplings involved in substance maltreatment do so because of the demand to conform to others around which underscores the demand for belongingness. The bookmans stated that striplings learn to utilize consciousness changing drugs because they are by and large in trend. In the position of Dennis and Scott ( 2007 ) an person who developed substance maltreatment jobs initiated the usage during adolescence. To buttress their statement, the bookmans contended that 85 % of about 600 young persons come ining outpatient intervention for marihuana maltreatment or dependance in the hemp young person intervention survey started substance maltreatment before the age of 15 ( Dennis et al. , 2004 ) . The impression of integral household and engagement in spiritual activities has been reported by so many bookmans as a protective factor in the etiology of substance maltreatment ( Wagner et al. , 2010 ; Demuth A ; Brown, 2004 ; Grunbaum, Kann, Kinchen, Williams, A ; Ross, 2002 ; National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, 2003 ; Chu, 2007 ; Mack, Leiber, Featherstone A ; Monserud, 2007. In the position of Brook, Whiteman, Finch and Cohen ( 1998 ) many factors are basically interrelated, and have cumulative effects on the flights of drug maltreatment and delinquency. Rohde, Lewinsohn, and Seeley ( 1996 ) stated that substance maltreatment heralded future depression in female striplings. With available grounds bespeaking that substance usage and behavior jobs before the age of 15 was among the strongest forecasters of chronic offending, depression, school failure, unemployment, relational jobs with equals and household members through adolescence into maturity ( McGue A ; Iacono, 2005 ) . 1.2 Statement of job The effects of substance maltreatment among striplings in Nigeria scope from a diminution in academic public presentation, hooky, stealing, contending, chancing and dependence ( Okoza et al. , 2009 ) . Epidemiologic ratings in the state indicate that substance maltreatment is widespread and is one of the most alarming health-related jobs among striplings ( Igwe, Ojinnaka, Ejiofor, Emechebe, A ; Ibe, 2009 ) . Evidence suggests that the beginning of substance maltreatment is multi-faceted crossing assorted spectrums which includes biological, personal and societal surroundings ( Igwe et al. , 2009 ) . Studies therefore suggest that substance usage among striplings in Nigeria usually occurs in schools, with current estimations confirming the incidence of the phenomenon as high among striplings ( Eneh A ; Stanley, 2004 ) . Available informations from school studies in Nigeria farther reveal lifting prevalence and diminishing age of oncoming in reported instances of substance maltreatment ( Igwe et al. , 2009 ; Okoza, et al. , 2009 ) . The prevalence degree of the phenomenon was put at 33.7 % , with Alcohol noted as the most normally abused substance ( 31.6 % ) , while hemp was reported as the least ( 4.1 % ) abused substance among Nigerian striplings ( Igwe et al. , 2009 ) . Surveies have besides revealed a rise in ingestion, early induction, increasing female engagement and a tendency in the way of multiple substance usage among striplings in Nigeria ( Igwe et al. , 2009 ) . Oshodi, Aina and Onajole ( 2010 ) contend that the prevalence rates for life-time usage of substances varied from 3.8 % for Heroin and Cocaine to 85.7 % for psycho-stimulants. In the state, current use of substances the bookmans revealed varied from 2 % to 56.5 % . For â€Å" gateway drugs, life-time prevalence was estimated to run from 9.2 % to 5.2 % for intoxicant and baccy severally. However, the life clip use of hemp was put at 4.4 % . With respect to gender, prevalence estimations for males were by and large higher than for their female opposite numbers, except for antibiotics, anodynes heroin and cocaine. However, diverse grounds have been adduced by bookmans as to why adolescent maltreatment drugs, some of which include alleviation from emphasis, to handle unwellness, and to remain awake at dark to analyze ( Oshodi, Aina A ; Onajole, 2010 ) , still there is a few documented surveies on the inclination of striplings substance maltreatment. This survey therefore intends to make full an bing spread found in the literatures by researching outstanding issues or variables comparatively under studied by bookmans in adolescent substance maltreatment. Some of these issues include the function of self-esteem, emphasis, equal relationship and depression in the anticipation of substance maltreatment among striplings. Despite the being of limited literature peculiarly on the function of self-pride, nevertheless findings remain contradictory. This survey hence seeks to clear up some of the built-in constructs and misconceptions on adolescent substance maltreatment by placing the alone forecaster of the concept substance maltreatment from the host of variables posited for the current survey. Although bookmans agree that the beginnings of substance maltreatment are multi-faceted in nature, nevertheless, few bookmans have examined this multi-faceted nature of substance maltreatment in their surveies peculiarly within the Nigerian context. This survey therefore fills a spread in the literatures by acknowledging the influence of assorted concepts from different spheres in the prognosis of substance maltreatment. This survey is therefore multi-dimensional in capturing aspects from self-esteem, stress, peer-relationship, depression and household background. In surveies with young person in intervention for substance maltreatment, striplings tended to get worse more frequently in state of affairss of direct or indirect societal force per unit area ( 66 % ) compared with grownups ( Ramo A ; Brown, 2008 ) . In general, the few work on female striplings leaves open the inquiry of temporal sequencing with certain substance maltreatment comorbid factors. Earlier surveies have provided reasonably consistent findings in footings of the protective function of parental monitoring ( Macauly et al. , 2005 ; Parker A ; Benson, 2004 ) and support ( Olvera, Poston, A ; Rodriguez, 2006 ; Simantov et al. , 2006 ) . However, most old surveies have non focused on Africans and peculiarly Nigerians. It is clear that among both grownups and striplings, multiple personal and environmental factors influence adolescent substance usage ( Brown A ; Ramo, 2006 ; Witkiewitz A ; Marlatt, 2004 ) . The underlining subject of the current survey therefore is to detect how striplings can be protected from substance maltreatment, therefore the usage of concepts like integral household and spiritual activity as go-betweens in the survey on the relationship between self-pride, emphasis, equal relationship, depression, household background and substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. 1.2.1 Research inquiry In line with the statement of job, the undermentioned research inquiries were raised to make full the bing spreads in the research literatures reviewed on the relationship between self-pride, emphasis, equal relationship, depression, household background and substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria In position of the identified spreads, the survey will react to the undermentioned research question: What is the background information of striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria? What is the age and gender difference in substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria? Is there any relationship between self-pride, emphasis, equal relationship, depression, integral household, spiritual activity and substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria? What is/are the forecaster ( s ) of substance maltreatment ( self-esteem, emphasis, equal relationship, depression ) ? Is there any interceding consequence of integral household and spiritual activity on the relationship between self-pride, emphasis, equal relationship, depression and substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria? 1.2.2 Research aim The research aim of the current survey will be captured chiefly from two aspects or dimensions. These dimensions include the chief and the specific aim of the survey as captured below. 1.2.2.1 General aim The ultimate end of this research is to find the relationship between self-pride, emphasis, equal relationship, depression, household background and substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. 1.2.2.2 Specific aim The chief aim is supported by the undermentioned exact aims: To depict the background information of striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. To find the age and gender difference in substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. To find the relationship between self-pride, emphasis, equal relationship, depression, integral household, spiritual activity and substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. To find the alone forecaster ( s ) of substance maltreatment from self-esteem, emphasis, equal relationship and depression among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. To find the interceding consequence of integral household and spiritual activity on the relationship between self-pride, emphasis, equal relationship, depression and substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria? 1.2.3 Research Hypotheses In response to the specific aims of the current survey, the undermentioned nothing hypotheses were formulated: Ho1: There is no important age difference in substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. Ho2: There is no important gender difference in substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. Ho3: There is no important relationship between self-pride and substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. Ho4: There is no important relationship between emphasis and substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. Ho5: There is no important relationship between equal relationship and substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. Ho6: There is no important relationship between depression and substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. Ho7: There is no important relationship between integral household and substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. Ho8: There is no important relationship between spiritual activity and substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. Ho9: There is no important alone forecaster of substance maltreatment from self-esteem, emphasis, equal relationship and depression among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. Ho10: There is no important interceding consequence of integral household on the relationship between self-pride and substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. Ho11: There is no important interceding consequence of integral household on the relationship between emphasis and substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. Ho12: There is no important interceding consequence of integral household on the relationship between equal relationship and substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. Ho13: There is no important interceding consequence of integral household on the relationship between depression and substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. Ho14: There is no important interceding consequence of spiritual activity on the relationship between self-pride and substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. Ho15: There is no important interceding consequence of spiritual activity on the relationship between emphasis and substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. Ho16: There is no important interceding consequence of spiritual activity on the relationship between equal relationship and substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. Ho17: There is no important interceding consequence of spiritual activity on the relationship between depression and substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. Theoretical/conceptual model Although different theoretical predications possibly used in explicating substance maltreatment among striplings, nevertheless the present survey will use societal cognitive theory in explicating the diverse relationship that exist among the variables of the survey. On the other manus, ecological systems theory will be used to explicate stress one of the variables used for the survey. Based on the two theoretical predications, the conceptual model for the survey was built. Theoretical model The theoretical model of the survey will be guided by the societal cognitive theory as captured by Albert Bandura. The theory was chosen based on its rightness for the current rational exercising and based on its used by most of the research workers whose surveies were reviewed for the present academic job. The implicit in dogmas of societal cognitive theory are herewith discussed below. Social Cognitive Theory The term societal knowledge implies a broader aggregation of mental activities than societal acquisition ( Thomas, 2005 ) . The cosmopolitan civilization and constellation of societies, communities, groups, and other contexts provide larning chances that determine what is accepted and condemned by striplings. The presence and reaction of people ( for case in refering to societal countenances ) and the continuance of other stimulations attach dissimilar reinforcing or wash uping punishment to persons ‘ behaviour. Social construction can be conceptualized as an apprehension of agendas of beef uping exigency and other societal behavioural variables ( Bandura 1969 ) . Behavior PERSONAL ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS FACTORS ( Cognitive, affective, And biological events ) Socio Cognitive Theory of Reciprocal Determinism. Adapted from Bandura ( 1969 ) The household, equals, schools, churches, and other gathering offer instant backgrounds that encourage or deter adolescent substance usage. Social cognitive theoretician propose that most striplings larning comes from active imitation or mold of what they see and hears theoretical accounts in the society do. Bandura used the word mold along with such footings as experimental acquisition and vicarious acquisition ( Bandura 1969 ) . Adolescents learn from experience by hive awaying in their memory the consequences of their incidental observation for usage at some ulterior appropriate clip. Therefore, they combine different sunglassess of behaviours to organize new behavioural paradigms. Ecological Systems Theory Ecological systems theory as propounded by Bronfenbrenner ( 1979 ) and other aligned bookmans focus on five primary universes of the stripling ( household, equals, school, society and the planetary environment ) 1 ) micro-systems, or the immediate societal contexts that straight influence striplings ( household, school, and equals ; Pantin, Schwartz, Sullivan, Coatsworth, A ; Szapocznik, 2003 ) ; 2 ) meso-systems, or the connexions between the striplings ‘ universes ( parental engagement in school ) ; 3 ) exo-systems, or the fortunes in a parent ‘s life that indirectly influences striplings ( work emphasis, societal support ) ; 4 ) macro-systems, or the cultural or social ideals that describes a society or civilization ( norms, imposts, belief ) . It influences what, how, when and where striplings carry out their relationship ( Bronfenbrenner, 2005 ) 5 ) chrono-system or the history of relationships in an striplings household ( Swick A ; Williams, 2006 ) . Harmonizing to Pantin, Schwartz, Sullivan, Coatsworth and Szapocznik ( 2003 ) and in line with Bronfenbrenner ( 1979 ) these contexts besides can interact with one another. For illustration, a supportive household or school environment can buffer the harmful effects of vicinity disorganisation, poorness, and force on delinquent striplings ( Cicchetti A ; Aber, 1998 ) . In the position of Pantin et Al. ( 2003 ) , the household context has the most influence on the stripling. In line with this propositions and sing the cardinal function of the household in civilizations ( Miranda, Bilot, Peluso, Berman, A ; Van Meek, 2006 ) , household features may be an particularly of import influence on substance usage among Nigerian striplings. Basically, ecological-contextual intercession paradigms have been suggested ( Biglan, 1995 ) , chiefly for early intercession attempts, given the significance of societal contextual factors in finding developmental paths ( Cohen A ; Siegel, 1991 ) . Basically, family-based multiple-systems-oriented intercessions are compellingly advocated and extensively investigated ( Drug Strategies, 2005 ) . Conceptual model From the research inquiries, aims and posited hypothesis, the conceptual model for the survey is as shown below: Background Independent Mediating Dependent Integral household Ho 10-13 Ho7 Self esteem Substance Maltreatment Stress Age Gender Peer relationship Ho3 – Ho6 Depression Religious Activity Ho 14-17 Ho1 Ho 8 Ho2 Conceptual model of the survey on â€Å" Relationship between self-pride, emphasis, equal relationship, depression, household background and substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria † Definition of footings In this subdivision, effort will be made to operationally specify the constructs to be used in the survey, particularly the dependant, independent and interceding variables of the survey. The definition is to guarantee unvarying specific mentions across the assorted spectrums of the thesis. Substance maltreatment Operational definition The respondents entire mark on the 20item Drug Abuse Screening Test ( DAST: Skinner, 1982 ) will be used to stand for substance maltreatment in the survey. High tonss will bespeak high substance maltreatment. Self-esteem Operational definition The respondents score on the 10item Rosenberg self-esteem graduated table ( Rosenberg, 1965 ) will be used to stand for self-pride in the survey. High mark will bespeak high self-prides, while low mark will bespeak otherwise. Peer-relationship Operational definition The respondent ‘s entire mark on the 20item equal relationship questionnaire ( Rigley A ; Slee, 1993 ) will be used to stand for equal dealingss in the survey. High mark indicate high equal relationship. Stress Operational definition The respondents score on the 14item perceived emphasis graduated table ( Cohen, 1983 ) will be used to stand for emphasis in the survey. High tonss will bespeak high emphasis in the survey. Depression Operational definition The respondents score on the 27item Children ‘s Depression Inventory ( Kovacs, 1985 ) will be used to stand for depressive symptomatology among striplings in the survey. High tonss will bespeak high depression in the survey. Integral household Operational definition The term integral household is used to stand for striplings populating with both parents ( male parent and female parent ) . Religious activity Operational definition The term spiritual activity is used to mention to the degree of adolescent engagement in spiritual activity. Adolescent Operational definition The term stripling as will be used in the survey implies anybody between ages of 10 to 19years. 1.5 Significance of the survey The survey can supply the necessary consciousness on the dangers of stripling substance usage and by so making trigger treatments on the topic among policy shapers in the state. The survey will assist edify households and communities on the hazard and protective of adolescent substance maltreatment. The survey will underline the demand for early intercession for striplings at hazard for substance maltreatment given its manifest and latent effects. The survey will besides make the consciousness of â€Å" gateway † drugs such as coffin nail normally abused by striplings. 1.6 Restrictions of the survey Despite the identified importance of the survey as captured in the significance, there are several likely restrictions that warrant consideration. These awaited restraints include the followers: The sample of the survey will merely be selected from secondary schools in Somolu local authorities country of Lagos, Nigeria. The information for the survey will merely be collected at one clip point ( cross-sectional ) . The full instrument to be used in the survey will be based on self-report. Given the sensitiveness of the capable affair, pupils may non give the needed information. Chapter II LITERATURE REVIEW The chapter will reexamine literatures on self-pride, emphasis, equal relationship, depression, integral household, spiritual activity and substance maltreatment. The reappraisal will therefore uncover a causal relationship between the independent, interceding and dependent variables of the survey. In the position of O ‘ Malley, Johnson, Bachman and Schulenberg ( 2000 ) substance maltreatment typically emerges during adolescence. Although there are some gender differences in adolescent substance usage ( Igwe, Ojinnaka, Ejiofor, Emechebe, A ; Ibe, 2009 ) , available grounds indicate that male striplings use and abuse drugs more than their female opposite numbers. However, female striplings favor stimulations ( Chassin, Ritter, Trim, A ; King, 2003 ) . Epidemiologic surveies conducted in the present decennary suggest that substance maltreatment symptoms addition steadily across adolescence peculiarly among female striplings ( Johnson, Cohen, Kotler, Kasen, A ; Brook, 2002 ) . Earlier literatures based on the comparing of young persons populating in integral versus disrupted households have suggested that life with both parents may hold a protective consequence on stripling substance usage ( Grunbaum, Kann, Kinchen, Williams, A ; Ross, 2002 ; National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, 2003 ) . More so, late emerging literatures contend that the issue of adolescent substance usage was more complex than originally believed. The impact legion bookmans have argued varies with gender, figure of household passages, quality of relationship with parent, alterations in socioeconomic resources, possible break of equal relationships, and other factors ( Hair, Park, Ling, A ; Moore, 2009 ; Krohn, Hall, A ; Lizotte, 2009 ) . Shelef, Diamond, Diamond and Myers ( 2009 ) examined whether having substance usage upset intervention had a differential impact on coffin nail smoke behaviours of mild ( 10 coffin nails per twenty-four hours ) , moderate ( 10-19 ) , and heavy ( 20 ) tobacco users ( smoked on 60 yearss in the past 90 ) utilizing 378 striplings from the Cannabis Youth Treatment survey. Findingss of the survey indicated that mild tobacco users decreased yearss of smoking during intervention and followup, whereas centrist and heavy tobacco users demonstrated a little lessening over intervention, and no alteration over follow-up. More so, the writers noted little lessening among heavy tobacco users during coffin nails per twenty-four hours intervention stage. The findings of the survey affirmed the impression that although smoke may diminish for mild tobacco users, nevertheless moderate and heavy tobacco users require more attending. In add-on, research besides affirm that depressive symptoms and substance usage portion relationships with of import hazard and protective factors, such as parental abnormal psychology, rearing jobs, kid exposure to force, school jobs, sexual activity and love relationships ( Harrison A ; Sidebottom, 2009 ) . Studies every bit indicate that the developmental path of substance maltreatment symptoms rely chiefly on the age of oncoming, with initial oncoming of substance maltreatment before the age of 15 associated with increasing maltreatment for misss ( Chassin, Pitts, A ; Prost, 2002 ; Nagin A ; Tremblay, 2001 ) . Besides, well-known organic structure of research, both longitudinal and cross-sectional has demonstrated that adolescent substance maltreatment and hardship were associated with hapless mental wellness results among grownups ( Grella, Stein, A ; Greenwell, 2005 ) . Harmonizing to Ramo and Brown ( 2008 ) a major focal point in research analyzing the procedure of dependence impairment has been the word picture of diminution â€Å" determiners, † or contextual characteristics of state of affairss in grownups and striplings after been in intervention for substance maltreatment related jobs. Ramo and Brown ( 2008 ) examined adolescent and big substance maltreatment backsliding utilizing person-centered research attack by Karl Rogers ( 1957 ) in bring outing of import developmental differences in the state of affairss that make striplings and grownups most susceptible to get worse after substance maltreatment intervention. Findingss of the bookmans revealed that both striplings and grownups demonstrated two category agreements of backsliding precursors. Adults were labeled based on societal and urge state of affairss, negative and urges state of affairss. However, adolescent categories were labeled as societal and positive state of affairss an d complex state of affairss. Abundant grounds suggests that engagement in spiritual activities and integral households serve to protect or cut down the hazard of substance usage. Adolescents who attend church or mosque at least one time monthly reportedly may prosecute in smoke or imbibing but are significantly less likely to utilize marihuana and cocaine, compared with those who infrequently or ne’er attend church ( Chu, 2007 ) . Mack, Leiber, Featherstone and Monserud ( 2007 ) noted that individual parents may be less able to supply consistent supervising and monitoring for their kids, so striplings from individual parent families have more chances to experiment with substance usage and other delinquent behaviours in comparing with striplings from two-parent families. Other surveies such as Barrett and Turner ( 2006 ) confirmed the mediating function of the usage and blessing of substances by equals and exposure to emphasize. In the position of Amato and Fowler ( 2002 ) , the place of household kineticss has been examined as both a correlative and a forecaster of adolescent substance usage. Family processes harmonizing to the bookmans act as a signifier of informal societal control that can diminish the chance of delinquent stripling behaviours by plumping chances to take part in aberrant behaviours, while supplying utility pro-social activities and promoting positive development. Available grounds from literatures indicates that female substance maltreatment enlargement is interwoven with antisocial, depressive, and eating upsets symptomatology ( Angold et al. , 1999 ) . Studies therefore denote that substance maltreatment symptoms typically result in the oncoming of other perturbations, particularly antisocial symptoms ( Brook, Cohen, A ; Brook, 1998 ) . Rohde, Lewinsohn, and Seeley ( 1996 ) discovered that intoxicant maltreatment heralded future depression in female striplings. Research grounds from both earlier and later surveies suggest that striplings who live in an agreement other than with their two biological parents study more substance usage than those who live with both parents ( Wagner et al. , 2010 ; Demuth A ; Brown, 2004 ) . Harmonizing to Chassin et Al. ( 2005 ) , populating with other people was associated with coffin nail smoke in a sample of largely white, 10 to 17-year-olds, even after commanding for features of rearing manner. Barrett and Turner ( 2006 ) stated that others agreements like life with other non biological parents was associated with elevated DSM-IV substance maltreatment and dependance symptoms, intensified coffin nail smoke ( Miller A ; Volk, 2002 ) and smoking beginning ( Edelen, Tucker, A ; Ellickson, 2007 ) . However, the bookmans revealed that the presence of an grownup or older sibling who smoked counteracted the protective consequence of the atomic household. Surveies have repeatedly besides found an opposite relationship between parental monitoring and adolescent substance usage ( Macauly, Griffin, Gronewold, Williams, A ; Botvin, 2005 ; Parker A ; Benson, 2004 ) . For case, in an earlier longitudinal survey of urban, Afro-american striplings Chilcoat and Anthony ( 1996 ) found lower quartile of parental monitoring in in-between childhood ( 8 to 10 old ages old ) was about three times more likely to originate the usage of cocaine, marihuana, and inhalants four old ages subsequently. In a survey conducted by Parker and Benson ( 2004 ) lower degrees of parental support ( perceived parental trust, apprehension, equity, and pride ) were associated with increased stripling usage of intoxicant, cocaine and marihuana in a big, ethnically diverse national study. In discrepancy to the above survey, a nationally representative study conducted by Simantov, Schoen and Klein ( 2006 ) revealed that striplings who reported high parental support and frequent communicating were about half as likely to smoke and imbibe as their opposite numbers who reported infrequent communicating and did non place their parents as foundations of encouragement. Chapter III Methodology The survey will consist junior secondary category three and senior secondary categories one to three pupils from selected schools in Somolu local authorities country of Lagos, Nigeria. Given that substance maltreatment among striplings peculiarly in Nigeria starts from schools. Therefore the school population will be the best topographic point for early sensing and bar of substance maltreatment among striplings ( Okoza et al. , 2009 ; Igwe, Ojinnaka, Ejiofor, Emechebe, A ; Ibe, 2009 ) . The sample pupils will be drawn from three public schools in Somolu city. The city is a assorted urban-suburban community that is socioeconomically representative of the province population. The sample of pupils was chosen because they provide the most accessible theoretical account of striplings who may hold come in contact with assorted substances while in school. Approval for the survey will be obtained from the Lagos State Ministry of Education and from the principals of take parting schools. 3.1.1 Location The survey will be conducted in Somolu Local Government country of Lagos. Somolu is bounded by 3rd Mainland Bridge in the East, Bariga in the South, Atunrase Estate in the North and Ikorodu in the West. The country covers about 11.6km2 of land, with an estimated population of 402, 673 people ( Census, 2006 ) . Somolu is a strategic location peculiarly in the widely distributed metropolis of Lagos. It easy links topographic points like Lagos Island, Obalende, Surulere and of class Akoka where the University of Lagos is located. The country harbors some of the major markets in Lagos and the oldest secondary school in Nigeria. As a consequence, people from different cultural groups reside in the country. 3.1.2 Research Design The survey will chiefly be a correlativity survey, aimed at finding the strength and way of relationship between the variables of the survey. It is besides aimed at turn toing concerns such as the extent of substance maltreatment among school traveling striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. 3.1.3 Research Inclusion Criteria To be eligible for engagement in the survey, striplings have to be between the ages of 10 and 19 old ages, in line with WHO specified categorization of adolescent age scope. The age scope will farther be divided into early ( 10-13 old ages ) , mid ( 14-16years ) and late ( 17-19 old ages ) in consonant rhyme with earlier surveies conducted by Igwe et Al. ( 2009 ) on the socio-demographic correlatives of psychotropic substance maltreatment among secondary school pupils in Enugu State, Nigeria. 3.1.4 Research Exclusion Criteria Adolescent from selected schools in Somolu local authorities below the age of 10years and above the age of 19years as at last birthday will be excluded from the survey. Sampling Cluster trying technique will be used to choose a sum of 370 striplings. The trying method was chosen for the survey due to the homogeneousness of the sample. More so, the technique was preferred due to the trouble associated with obtaining a sampling frame. The sample of the survey will consist English-speaking adolescent pupils from Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. Owing to the indispensable nature of sample size in the statistical design of any research, it hence became of import to hold equal sample size. This is of import because equal sample size ensured dependable consequences. The reappraisal of literatures suggested that some statistical techniques were effectual in the finding of sample size. These consist of consequence size index, important standard and statistical illation power. Since these parametric quantities are interrelated, if the research worker knows one, it was possible to find the others. There are besides some well-known regulations for finding each parametric quantity, for case when finding the power for a survey, it can be set at.80 ( Cohen, 1988 ) . Another common regulation related to important degrees, harmonizing to Cohen ( 1997 ) was that in most instances a.05 value was acceptable. On the other manus, for two tailed trials, where the alternate hypothesis shows that Ma # Mb, we can conventionally utilize medium Es, assumed as equal to.5. For the intent of the current survey on relationship between self-pride, emphasis, equal relationship, depression, household background and substance maltreatment among striplings in Somolu, Lagos, Nigeria. Krejcie and Morgan ( 1972 ) methodological attack for the finding of sample size was adopted. The expression stated by the bookman is herewith captured below: n = X2 *N*P* ( 1-P ) ( ME2* ( N-1 ) + ( X2*P* ( 1-P ) Where: n = sample size X2 = Chi – square for the specified assurance degree at 1 grade of freedom N = Population size P = Population proportion ( .50 in the tabular array ) ME = Desired border of mistake ( expressed as a proportion ) ( See attached sample size tabular array ) . Therefore, in line with above mentioned parametric quantities, the sample size for the current survey was determined. Basically, a one or two tailed survey depends on old findings, as there was no similar survey at the local degree, the hypothesis will be two-tailed. Data Collection The information for the survey will be obtained through self-report instruments administered to pupils in their schoolrooms by a trained research helper utilizing standardised protocols. After reading the instructions to the pupils, the research helper will go around the steps in the schoolroom and will reply any single inquiries about peculiar points. The study will be administered under confidential conditions, and a certification of confidentiality protecting the information will be obtained from the Lagos State Ministry of Education. Students will be instructed non to compose their name on the study and will be assured that their replies will be purely confidential and would non be shown to their parents or instructors. Methodological research has shown that when participants are assured of their confidentiality, self-reports of substance maltreatment normally have good cogency ( Patrick et al. , 1994 ) . An approximative clip of disposal of instruments on participants of the survey will be determined during the pilot survey of the current research. 3.4 Instruments The instrument brochure for the current survey will incorporate a combination of gages and single points designed to mensurate background features such as age, ethnicity, household composing ( integral, divorced or detached households ) , and other variables such as self-esteem, emphasis, equal relationship, depression and substance maltreatment. Substance maltreatment Substance maltreatment will be measured with the 20item Drug Abuse Screening Test ( DAST: Skinner, 1982 ) . The mark of DAST scopes from 0-20 with high mark stand foring substance maltreatment. Stress Stress will be measured by the Perceived Stress Scale ( PSS ) ( Cohen, 1983 ) , a 14 point self study questionnaire designed to mensurate the grade to which state of affairss in life are appraised as stressful. The tonss of the PSS are obtained by change by reversaling the tonss on positive points and so summing all the tonss of the 14 points. The PSS graduated table tonss range from 0 to 56 with high mark stand foring high societal emphasis. Self Esteem The 10-item Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale ( Rosenberg, 1965 ) will be used to measure planetary self-pride, with higher tonss bespeaking positive dignity. Each point will be scored on a 4-point Likert graduated table runing from 1 = strongly agree to 4= strongly disagree. Depression Children Depression Inventory ( CDI: Kovacs, 1985 ) will be used to measure depressive symptomatology with higher tonss bespeaking high depressive symptomatology. The CDI consists of feelings and thoughts grouped into 27 points. The graduated table tonss range from 0 to 54. Peer relationship Peer relationship questionnaire ( PRQ: Rigby A ; Slee, 1993 ) will be used to mensurate equal dealingss. The PRQ has three subscales: intimidation, equal victimization, and pro-social graduated table. The instrument is used for kids between the ages of 12 to 18year and consist of 20 points scored on a 4-point graduated table, runing from Never 1, Once in a piece 2, Pretty frequently 3, and Very frequently 4. 3.5 Data Analysiss In analysing the information, the internal consistence of the graduated tables ( correlativity ) points will be measured utilizing Cronbach ‘s Alpha. The trial is undisputedly the most normally recognized step of dependability. Each subdivision of the questionnaire will be calculated individually. Before continuing into the reported tonss of the overall responses to each step, attending will foremost be given to the normalcy of the informations distribution. The information will be inspected utilizing graphical shows such as histogram, root and foliage secret plan, box-plot and normal chance secret plan. The overall mean tonss for all the respondents along with standard divergence value will besides be calculated. In line with the aims of the survey, Independent sample t trial will be used to analyze difference, Pearson correlativity will be used to find the relationship between variables and hierarchal arrested development analyses used examine mediation. How to cite Relationship Between Self Esteem Stress Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Role of Revenue Recognition in Performance †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Role of Revenue Recognition in Performance. Answer: Introduction Woodside Petroleum is the major player in the production of gas and oil in Australia and the biggest autonomous devoted gas and oil company of Australia. The company is headquartered in Perth but has an international presence through its recognition of world-class abilities as a developer, an explorer, supplier, and a producer. Furthermore, the companys mission is to offer superior returns to shareholders through realizing its vision of becoming an international leader in upstream gas and oil. Further, the company is also the most experienced operator of LNG and biggest gas and oil company. Woodside Petroleum has also proved its credentials to the business world and there was a time when it was criticized for few reasons (Woodside Petroleum, 2016). Since every single company has their own strategy and outcomes, similarly Woodside also has the features that have assisted it in building itself a brand image. Based on the functioning of Woodside Petroleum, it can be observed that oil and gas industry is prone to various fluctuations and risks that pose a major threat to the overall operations of the company. The company manages its strategies on three ideologies that are enhancing the importance of their core resources, increasing their abilities, and developing their portfolio (Woodside Petroleum, 2016). Further, the company has a powerful foothold in the gas and oil industry with a reliable manufacture base, special capabilities, and physically powerful interconnections to generate excellent projects. Moreover, the values, missions, and vision of the company are the prime features that play a key role in offering a competitive edge to it. Benefitting the company with a significant generation of revenue together with the provision of equivalent importance to the stakeholders are its most vital assets that are establishing a resonant prevalence in the segment of oil and gas industry. Moreover, vision is something that encourages the operations of the company and that ranges betwixt different companies producing different outcomes (Petersen Plenborg, 2012). Nevertheless, the strategic management of Woodside Petroleum has the vision to be a global leader in such industry and organizational values are of sufficient level within its framework. Besides, the companys management entrusts faith in various values that are relevant for an organization in the long-run duration with comprehensive success under the belt (Laux, 2014). In addition, the management of Woodside believes in managing a transparent business with enhancement of fulfillment of a commitment that they intend to provide to the people and to the business world r espectively. Nonetheless, the companys management gives undue importance to core values of organizational behavior that are sustenance, admiration, truthfulness, brilliance, and discipline (Parrino et. al, 2012). Apart from all significant values of the company, the themes that are functioning as a driving force to the vision of Woodside are of supreme significance. The companys prime distinctive feature is the maximization of production based on its enhanced abilities to increase the revenues and that has regularly allowed it to emerge as the top performer. Woodside Petroleum has a proven accomplishment record in the process, structure, and plan of excellent FPSO operations, subsea skill, seismic procurement, LNG plants, processing, and underwater drilling (Woodside Petroleum, 2016). The establishment of distant affairs from the Pluto Support Centre in Perth is very beneficial in minimizing the working costs and enhancement of preservation results. Further, the reason why Woodside has been effective in attaining a competitive advantage over other market participants can be attributed to the fact that it has a powerful relationship with its stakeholders and a strong base of the asset (Woodside Petroleum, 2016). Another strategic management practice implemented by the company is its adoption of innovative technologies in its various operations like floating LNG, near shore liquefaction technologies, etc. In addition to this, the company also prioritizes on enhancing its petroleum provinces by focusing on the present segments of Atlantic margins, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Australia respectively. All these strategic management practices allow in fulfillment of organizational objectives and these are aligned with five core values of the company that are respect, sustain ability, working collectively, integrity, disciple and excellence (Peirson et. al, 2015). Overall, the strategic management practices implemented within the companys framework has assisted it in remaining sustainable in the business and attain competitive advantage through investments in RD (research and development) for bringing innovation in relation to products and services and technologies to remain competitive in the market. Moreover, it also uses artificial intelligence and advanced analytics in its affairs that results in enhancing its productivity and removing the occurrence of human errors in the operation (Needles Powers, 2013). Through such strategic management practices, Woodside has also planned to enter new markets like Ireland and New Zealand through leveraging abilities of deep water. Overall, this assists in enhancing the companys profitability (Woodside Petroleum, 2016). Framework of strategic management In relation to such theory, the objective of Woodside Petroleum is clearly associated to the formulation of various strategies. The strategic management practices of the company assist it to attain a competitive advantage over others (Davies Crawford, 2012). Moreover, the bases on which goals of an organization are anticipated to be attained are established with the help of this strategy or approach. With the help of this approach, the nature of business decisions initiated by Woodside can also be considered for assessing whether they are relevant for the attainment of organizational objectives or not (Leo, 2011). From the previously mentioned analysis and discussion, it is observable that Woodside Petroleum has effectively followed a systematic approach within its framework and that has allowed it to sustain in the oil and gas industry amidst such enormous competition from others. Besides, the companys framework is well-defined in nature as the strategic management practices adopte d by it are in line with the organizational goals and objectives (Carmichael Graham, 2012). Overall, the companys strategy depends upon key values like integrity, sustainability, discipline, working together, respect, and excellence for the attainment of major organizational goals, thereby resulting in surpassing of competitors respectively (Choi Meek, 2011). The style of leadership undertaken by Woodside Petroleum is transformational leadership wherein a leader must operate together with other employees of the company in order to generate required changes in a proper manner. Furthermore, in relation to the company, it is observable that the company indulges its employees in the decision-making procedure by accounting their opinions and views (Deegan, 2011). This assists the employees to feel a belongingness feeling with the organization. Besides, this also plays a key role in enhancing the commitment level of such employees with the organization, thereby resulting in enhancing their level of performances and productivity respectively. In addition to this, the employees of Woodside Petroleum are always informed about any kind of changes that are needed to be brought in the companys policies and processes so that it assists in the adoption of required changes in the organization in an easier way. Resource-based view This type of strategic management theory is focused on the organizations distinctive competencies, whether potential or current that enables it to offer superior value in its offerings. Superior offerings are the only choice that can help the business to flourish. If the business wants to penetrate into the market, it needs to offer unique product and service to the customers. Besides, such offerings may be across industries, markets, or multiple kinds of customers. Further, such resource view intends to reflect that the internal resources of an organization and abilities are its best sources of competitive advantage over other organizations (Svejenova et. al, 2010). Moreover, an approach to strategy with such viewpoint seeks to develop or find distinctive competencies and funds, applying them to generate superior value. It is vital for the business to attain a strong position by dint of its competency (Woodside Petroleum, 2016). Nevertheless, to the extent such competencies can be k ept unique to the organization, these can be utilized to develop a competitive advantage. From the resource-based theory, it can be observed that Woodside Petroleum has been using such theory into its framework. This is the reason why the company has been spending huge resources towards innovative technologies for framing new and efficient means that can allow it to attain a competitive advantage over other companies (Merchant, 2012). It is observed by the practice of the company that it wants to create a niche for itself in the industry and attain a major chunk of market share. This is the sole reason why it is investing heavily in the technology. Nonetheless, this is why Woodside Petroleum has been investing huge amounts in research and development expenses that can assist it in creating value for shareholders together with managing the aggregate risks in an effective manner (Woodside Petroleum, 2016). In addition to this, through the utilization of such theory, Woodside Petroleum intends to enhance its petroleum provinces by focusing on present areas of Australia, Sub- Saharan Africa, and the Atlantic margins. Hence, the resource-based view is clearly associated with the strategic management practice of Woodside Petroleum, thereby paving a path for future developments. Conclusion In relation to strategic management practices, the same is considered more abstract in nature because it plays a key role for organizations in their achievement of overall organizational goals and objectives. Besides, such practices are clearly not focused towards a single industry or market, instead, these concentrate on enhancing the competitive advantage of firms over other firms. Based on the analysis of Woodside Petroleum, it can be recommended that the overall choice of strategic management practices implemented by the company allows it to attain a competitive advantage over other firms but there are various policies that require political or legal interventions, and the same must be duly considered by the company to avoid future complications (Brigham Daves, 2012). Hence, in the absence of a strategic objective within the companys framework, it may attain competitive advantage but may not enjoy a good reputation in the market. Overall, it is crucial for Woodside Petroleum to have effective control frameworks for better outcomes. References Brigham, E. Daves, P. (2012) Intermediate Financial Management. USA: Cengage Learning. Carmichael, D.R. and Graham, L. (2012) Accountants Handbook. Financial Accounting and General Topics, John Wiley Sons. Choi, R.D. and Meek, G.K. (2011) International accounting. Pearson . Davies, T. and Crawford, I. (2012) Financial accounting. Harlow, England: Pearson. Deegan, C. M. (2011) In Financial accounting theory. North Ryde, N.S.W: McGraw-HillLaux, B. (2014) Discussion of The role of revenue recognition in performance reporting. Accounting and Business Research. [online]. 44(4), 380-382. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2014.897867 Leo, K. J. (2011). Company Accounting. Boston:McGraw Hill Merchant, K. A. (2012) Making Management Accounting Research More Useful. Pacific Accounting Review. [online]. 24(3), 1-34. Available from: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6ccf/f78a452763f17ed5e4f4ddc6b96703801403.pdf Needles, B.E. Powers, M. (2013) Principles of Financial Accounting. Financial Accounting Series: Cengage Learning. Parrino, R, Kidwell, D. and Bates, T. (2012) Fundamentals of corporate finance. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Peirson, G, Brown, R., Easton, S, Howard, P. and Pinder, S. (2015) Business Finance, 12th ed. North Ryde: McGraw-Hill Australia. Petersen, C. and Plenborg, T. (2012)Financial statement analysis. Harlow, England: Financial Times/Prentice Hall. Svejenova, S., Planellas, M and Vives, L. (2010). An individual business model in the making: Achefs quest for creative freedom. Long range planning [online]. 43, 408-430. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/job.461 [18 April 2018] Woodside Petroleum 2016, Woodside Petroleum Annual report accounts 2016 [online]. Available from: https://www.woodside.com.au/Investors-Media/announcements/Documents/01.03.2017%20Annual%20Report%202016.pdf [Accessed 18 April 2018]

Candide - Voltaires Writing Style Essays - , Term Papers

Candide - Voltaire's Writing Style In Candide, Voltaire uses many writing techniques which can also be found in the works of Cervantes, Alighieri, Rabelais and Moliere. The use of the various styles and conventions shows that, despite the passage of centuries and the language differences, certain writing techniques will always be effective. One common literary technique is the author's use of one or more of his characters as his 'voice' to speak out the authors views on a certain subject. For instance, in Moliere's Tartuffe, the author uses the character of Cleante to speak out against religious hypocrites (page 1419, lines 99-102): Nothing that I more cherish and admire Than honest zeal and true religious fire. So there is nothing that I find more base Than specious piety's dishonest face. In Candide, Voltaire makes use of several characters to voice his opinion mocking philosophical optimism. On page 1594, Candide is asking a gentleman about whether everything is for the best in the physical world as well as the moral universe. The man replies: ...I believe nothing of the sort. I find that everything goes wrong in our world; that nobody knows his place in society or his duty, what he's doing or what he ought to be doing, and that outside of mealtimes...the rest of the day is spent in useless quarrels...-it's one unending warfare. By having this character take on such a pessimistic tone, he directly contradicts the obviously over-optimistic tone of Candide. In the conclusion (page 1617) an old turk instructs Candide in the futility of needless philosophizing by saying that "...the work keeps us from three great evils, boredom, vice, and poverty." In each of these examples, the character chosen by the author comes across as a reasonable and respectable person, making the author's point of view seem just as reasonable and respectable. Another technique Voltaire uses in Candide is that of taking actual people and events and weaving into his work of fiction. He often does this to mock or ridicule his political and literary adversaries, as shown in the conversation between the abbe' and the Parisian supper guests (page 1593). The abbe' mentions two critics who in Voltaires time have criticized his work. The critics are referred to as boring and impudent by the supper guests. In much the same manner Alighieri, in The Divine Comedy, has placed many of his enemies in various circles of Hell. In one instance (page 797), Dante himself pushes one of his political enemies back down into the swampy waters of the river Styx. In Gargantua and Pantagruel, Rabelais mentions a series of text books which are a part of the sort of educational curriculum that he is satirizing. He ridicules their use in that it takes Gargantua so long to learn simple tasks such as memorizing the alphabet. In each of these cases, the authors are able to speak out against people or practices in a way less confrontational than public speaking, as well as state their opinion in a form where they cannot be immediately contradicted. Voltarie has occasion to use the comedic style of exaggeration in Candide, such as the Baron's sister refusing to marry Candide's father because he can only prove seventy-one quarterings of his family tree. Later, Candide is sentenced to receive a flogging for having deserted the Bulgar army. He must make thirty-six passes through the gauntlet of two thousand troops. More outlandish examples of exaggeration can be found in Gargantua and Pantagruel, such as the size of Gargantua's mare (as big as six elephants) or the weight of his dumbbells (each one is eight hundred and five tons). Beside being entertaining to read, these exaggerations serve to point out the ridiculousness of an ideal by showing it in a preposterous light. The format in which Candide is written closely resembles that of Cervante's Don Quixote. In both books, the authors have chosen to name each chapter in a descriptive style; the name of the chapter tends to be a brief description of the action that is to take place within it. Compare chapter three of Don Quixote, "Of the amusing manner in which Don Quixote had himself dubbed a knight." with chapter three of Candide, "How Candide Escaped from the Bulgars, and What Became

Civil Rights Leaders essays

Civil Rights Leaders essays When we allow freedom to ring, when we let it ring from every village and hamlet, from every state and city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of Gods children-black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Catholics and Protestants-will be able to join hands and sing: Free at last, free at last; thank God almighty, we are free at last. This was stated by one of the most famous civil rights leaders, Martin Luther King, Jr. From the close of the Civil War forward, there have been many barriers facing African-Americans in the United States. For example, the Jim Crow Laws such as Literacy Tests and Grandfather Clauses kept the blacks from voting in many southern states. Furthermore, the Supreme Court ruled that separate was equal and therefore blacks could legally be forced to ride in separate rail cars, attend different schools, ride in the back of buses, and even the use separate public bathrooms and drinking fountains. Also, many blacks were abused and killed by groups such as the Ku Klux Klan. It was impossible for blacks to achieve equality in such an atmosphere. These hardships, that the African-Americans faced, led to the Civil Rights Movement of America. There have been many honorable individuals and effective leaders who have fought for the equality of all men from this chaotic period to the present. However, two outspoken men, whose efforts against racism have made significant contributions to the overall achievement of the Civil Rights Movement, were Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X. Martin Luther King, Jr. was born on January 15, 1929, in Atlanta, Georgia. Young Martin lived in a comfortable, middle-class home where his parents ensured their childrens security and happiness. As a child, Martin attended the Yonge Street Elementary School and the David T. Howard Elementary School. During his teenage years, he attended the Atlanta University Laboratory School and Booker T. Washington High...

The creation of Clinical pathologic coorelation Research Paper - 1

The creation of Clinical pathologic coorelation - Research Paper Example The speaker should seek an expert from the faculty with whom to discuss the case. In addition, the most preferred is the care-taker that cared for the patient, and the attendance of the faculty member to the CPC is highly encouraged. This work describes what Clinical Pathologic Correlation consists of and how it is made in the context of Cytopathology (OECD 484). The start of the conference focusses on the history of the patient and physical examination. The pictorial photographs of the examination research findings, like skin rashes or even other visually-based physical findings, are allowed and encouraged. However, the patient in question has to avail consent for the photograph, and the given photograph does not identify the patient. The examination history and physical findings should arise to the discussion of a particular differential diagnosis. The next thing that follows is the objective data. The CPC have to include laboratory data and information, images of medication, and/or specimens of pathology (Görlitz et al 79). The speaker is supposed to outline the rationale for the proposed work-up tackled. This in turn should be followed by the data plan correlated with the performed differential diagnosis, which includes a basic explanation of the way the data plan assists to display further the differential diagnosis. The CPC should terminate with the patient’s diagnosis being identified together with a discussion based on the evidence of the performed diagnosis in relation to the epidemiologic, therapeutic, and diagnostic details concerning the disease process (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 158). Lastly, the speaker will then field questions arising from the attendees. In a situation where the faculty expert is attending the CPC, their comments are also highly encouraged. Rapid On-site Evaluation (ROSE) in Cytology is a special service